Correlation of WOMAC Score with Functional Recovery in Patients with Osteoarthritis Following Total Knee Replacement
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Abstract
Background. Total knee replacement (TKR) is an established procedure for advanced knee osteoarthritis, offering pain relief and improved mobility. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) is widely applied to measure pain, stiffness, and functional limitation.
Objective. This study investigated the relationship between WOMAC scores and overall functional recovery in patients after TKR.
Methodology. A prospective observational study was performed in patients who underwent primary TKR at the Government Medical College and Hospital, Kallakurichi, Tamil Nadu, India, between January 2023 and June 2025. WOMAC scores were documented preoperatively, at six weeks, three months, and six months postoperatively. Recovery was further assessed using the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test, range of motion (ROM), and patient satisfaction levels. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests and Pearson correlation.
Results. Eighty patients (52 females, 28 males; mean age 64.2 ± 6.8 years) were enrolled. The average baseline WOMAC score was 72.4 ± 9.6, decreasing to 34.8 ± 7.2 at 3 months and 21.5 ± 5.6 at 6 months (p < 0.001). Improvements in TUG and ROM correlated significantly with WOMAC changes (r = 0.68 and –0.55, respectively; p < 0.01). Patient satisfaction also showed a strong positive association with WOMAC outcomes (r = 0.72, p < 0.001).
Conclusion. This study concludes that significant WOMAC improvements within six months are correlated with high patient satisfaction and functional gains. Clinicians should consider early interventions if scores plateau. Longerterm studies are needed to confirm sustained benefits. The key take-home message is that WOMAC monitoring after TKR can enhance personalized recovery strategies.
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